The Bedtime Scientist

A question

How do crystals grow?

A calm, true answer. Then, if the wondering keeps going, the whole episode.

The short answer

By stacking. Atoms join a crystal in a repeating pattern, always in the same arrangement, and because the pattern repeats so exactly the outside ends up with flat faces and sharp angles.

How it turns out depends on the pace. Slow and undisturbed makes large clear crystals; hurried makes small cloudy ones. Snowflakes, salt grains and diamonds are all built by the same patient rule.

Go deeper tonight

Crystals: The Physics of Stillness

The full episode, in one calm voice, with nothing that startles.

The episode

Crystals: The Physics of Stillness

0:00 12:59
Sleep timer

Read the guide for this one in the morning.

This connects to

Patterns Deep time

One idea turns up in many different nights. Follow one and the library starts to join up.